As Valerian root ages, it produces a substance known as isovaleric acid. This compound and another acid known as valerenic acid are significant active ingredients that are present in the volatile oils found in Valerian root. These volatile oils are thought to be responsible for Valerian root's ability to relax the central nervous system and promote a good night's sleep.

Double blind studies have shown that Valerian root can decrease the amount of time it takes for people with mild insomnia to fall asleep. Valerian root is also used to treat anxiety disorders and counteract stress. It has a sedative effect that helps to relax the central nervous system and provide a feeling of relaxation, grounding and calmness. In addition to its use as a tranquilizer and sleep aid, many herbalists also recommend Valerian root as a remedy for tension headaches and muscular pain because of its ability to act as a muscle relaxant.  It is also known to improve menstrual flow and cramps, and as an aid with symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).  Valerian is excellent for use against anxiety, depression, ADHA, nervous disorders, palpitations, neuralgia, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, vertigo, sciatica, chronic skin diseases and muscle spasms.
Valerian Root is a "natural valium" that acts as a mild tranquilizer by calming the nerves.  It improves circulation and reduces mucus from colds; relieves irritable bowel syndrome; lowers blood pressure.